Breaking stories often develop while journalists, officials and witnesses are still confirming basic details. Early posts can contain mistaken names, outdated images, incorrect locations or claims that have not been independently verified. A few minutes of checking can prevent a false claim from spreading.

A large number of shares is not evidence. Engagement shows that a post is circulating; it does not prove that the information is true.

Pause before reposting

Read beyond the headline. The article may say that a claim is unconfirmed, disputed or based on an allegation even if a social post presents it as settled fact.

Find the original source

Look for the earliest available version of the claim. Is it an official statement, a firsthand account, a news report or an anonymous screenshot? If a post says a major outlet confirmed something, open the outlet’s own report rather than relying on a cropped image of a headline.

Check whether the source has a history of corrections, identifies its reporters and links to documents or named witnesses. Be cautious when several sites repeat the same wording but all trace back to one unverified account.

Check the date and location

Old photographs and videos are frequently recirculated as if they show a new event. Search for the image or a distinctive phrase from the caption. Compare landmarks, weather, uniforms and other visible details with the claimed location. A genuine image can still be used with a false date or description.

A video may show what happened in one moment, but it may not explain what happened before or after. A document may be authentic but quoted selectively. Ask what the evidence directly demonstrates and what remains an inference.

For high-impact claims involving crime, health, elections or public safety, look for multiple independent sources and primary documents. If reliable sources do not yet agree, say that the facts are still developing.

Before sharing, verify the source, date, location and supporting evidence. If you cannot establish those basics, wait. Responsible sharing is part of responsible news consumption.

Sources and further reading

Associated Press news values and principles

International Fact-Checking Network